Earth Notes: General Bibliography (ngarambe2019sleep)

• [ngarambe2019sleep] Ngarambe,Jack and Yun, Geun Young and Lee, Kisup and Hwang, Yeona Effects of Changing Air Temperature at Different Sleep Stages on the Subjective Evaluation of Sleep Quality (accessed 2026-01-13), MDPI AG, 2019-03-07, Sustainability, volume 11, report/number 5, ISSN 2071-1050, doi:10.3390/su11051417, article/pages 1417 (article) (BibTeX).
  abstract

  The thermal environment in bedrooms is important for high-quality sleep. Studies confirm that, even during sleep, the human body remains sensitive to the ambient air temperature. This study assesses how changing indoor air temperatures at different sleep stages affects the subjective evaluation of sleep quality. We compare reports from two identical sleeping environments with different thermal control systems: an IoT-based control system that adjusts the indoor air temperature according to the sleep stage and a fixed control system that maintains a constant temperature throughout the night. Ten subjects participated in the experiments and completed a questionnaire about their sleep quality. Our results show that, overall, the subjects experienced better sleep in the room with the IoT-based control system than in the one with a fixed thermal control. The mean differences in sleep satisfaction levels between the two sleeping environments were generally statistically significant in favor of the room with the IoT-based thermal control. Our results thus illustrate the suitability of using the IoT to control the air conditioning in bedrooms to provide improved sleep quality.
  note

  [[**CS1] better sleep when cooler, and when variable to match sleep state.]